Edge and corner identification for tracking the line of sight

This article presents an edge-corner detector, implemented in the realm of the GEIST project (an Computer Aided Touristic Information System) to extract the information of straight edges and their intersections (image corners) from camera-captured (real world) and computer-generated images (from the database of Historical Monuments, using ob- server position and orientation data). Camera and computer-generated images are processed for reduction of detail, skeletonization and corner-edge detection. The corners surviving the detection and skeletonization process from both images are treated as landmarks and fed to a matching algorithm, which estimates the sampling errors which usually contaminate GPS and pose tracking data (fed to the computer-image generatator).PACS: 07.05.PjMSC: 68Uxx, 68U05, 68U10Este artículo presenta un detector de aristas y esquinas, implementado en el dominio del proyecto GEIST (un Sistema de Información Turística Asistido por Computador) para extraer la información de aristas rectas y sus intersecciones (esquinas en la imagen) a partir de imágenes de cámara (del mundo real) contrastadas con imágenes generadas por computador (de la Base de Datos de Monumentos Históricos a partir de posición y orientación de un observador virtual). Las imágenes de la cámara y las generadas por computador son procesadas para reducir detalle, hallar el esqueleto de la imagen y detectar aristas y esquinas. Las esquinas sobrevivientes del proceso de detección y hallazgo del esqueleto de las imágenes son tratados como puntos referentes y alimentados a un algoritmo de puesta en correspondencia, el cual estima los errores de muestreo que usualmente contaminan los datos de GPS y orientación (alimentados al generador de imágenes por computador). De esta manera, un ciclo de control de lazo cerrado se implementa, por medio del cual el sistema converge a la determinación exacta de posición y orientación de un observador atravesando un escenario histórico (en este caso, la ciudad de Heidelberg). Con esta posición y orientación exactas, en el proyecto GEIST otros módulos son capaces de proyectar re-creaciones históricas en el campo de visión del observador, las cuales tienen el escenario exacto (la imagen real vista por el observador). Así, el turista “ve” las escenas desarrollándose en sitios históricos materiales y reales de la ciudad. Para ello, este artículo presenta la modificación y articulación de algoritmos tales como el Canny Edge Detector, “SUSAN Corner detector”, filtros 1- y 2-dimensionales, etcétera.PACS: 07.05.PjMSC: 68Uxx, 68U05, 68U1

Edge and corner identification for tracking the line of sight

This article presents an edge-corner detector, implemented in the realm of the GEIST project (an Computer Aided Touristic Information System) to extract the information of straight edges and their intersections (image corners) from camera-captured (real world) and computer-generated images (from the database of Historical Monuments, using observer position and orientation data) -- Camera and computer-generated images are processed for reduction of detail, skeletonization and corner-edge detection -- The corners surviving the detection and skeletonization process from both images are treated as landmarks and fed to a matching algorithm, which estimates the sampling errors which usually contaminate GPS and pose tracking data (fed to the computer-image generatator) -- In this manner, a closed loop control is implemented, by which the system converges to exact determination of position and orientation of an observer traversing a historical scenario (in this case the city of Heidelberg) -- With this exact position and orientation, in the GEIST project other modules are able to project history tales on the view field of the observer, which have the exact intended scenario (the real image seen by the observer) -- In this way, the tourist “sees” tales developing in actual, material historical sites of the city -- To achieve these goals this article presents the modification and articulation of algorithms such as the Canny Edge Detector, SUSAN Corner Detector, 1-D and 2-D filters, etceter

La falta de digitalización de expedientes en los juzgados locales de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara y su correlación con el acceso a la justicia

ITESO, A.C

Ensino e avaliação em pediatria utilizando simulação: descrição de dois cenários simulados

Teaching based on simulation in health areas has been widely used in the last years, constituting a form of teaching method and evaluation at the forefront of technology, which allows the improvement of skills, acquisition of competences, and an objective evaluation. In this way, it has converted to an educational innovate strategy that allows to face some of the new challenges of medical teaching. Among the strategies of simulation, the immediate constructive feedback and the objective structured clinical examination was highlighted. In the present study two simulated pediatric scenarios developed by the authors of this document are described: one of them is about the immediate care of a newborn and the other about recognizing signs of acute respiratory pathology in children from two months to five years old; both of these scenarios can be used to teach and evaluate at a undergraduate and postgraduate leveLa educación basada en la simulación en áreas de la salud ha sido ampliamente utilizada en los últimos años, al punto de constituir una forma de enseñanza y evaluación a la vanguardia de la tecnología, ya que permite el perfeccionamiento de habilidades, el desarrollo de competencias y la evaluación objetiva. De esa manera, esta se ha convertido en una estrategia de innovación educativa que permite afrontar algunos de los nuevos retos en la educación médica. Dentro de las estrategias de simulación se destacan la devolución constructiva inmediata y el examen clínico objetivo estructurado. En el presente trabajo se describen dos escenarios simulados pediátricos diseñados por los autores: uno aborda el manejo inmediato del recién nacido y otro el reconocimiento de signos de enfermedad respiratoria aguda en niños de dos meses a cinco años de edad, escenarios que pueden ser utilizados para la enseñanza y la evaluación tanto en programas de pregrado como de posgrado.A educação baseada na simulação, em áreas da saúde, tem sido amplamente utilizada nos últimos anos, constituindo-se em uma forma de ensino e avaliação da vanguarda da tecnologia, uma vez que permite o aperfeiçoamento de habilidade, aquisição de competências e avaliação objetiva. Deste modo, ela se converteu em uma estratégia de inovação educativa, que permitiu enfrentar alguns dos novos desafios na educação médica. Dentro das estratégias de simulação se destacam o retorno construtivo imediato e o exame clínico objetivo estruturado. No presente trabalho são descritos os cenários pediátricos simulados, elaborados pelos autores do presente documento: um deles é sobre o manuseio imediato do recémnascido e outro sobre o reconhecimento de sinais de doença respiratória aguda em crianças de dois meses a cinco anos de idade, cenários que podem ser utilizados para o ensino e avaliação tanto em programas de graduação quanto de pósgraduação

Cultivo de tres especies aromáticas en un huerto vertical con dos abonos orgánicos

Objective: It was analysed the establishment of purple basil (Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens L. Benth.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and chive (Allium schoenoprasum L.), in a vertical production system, using vermicompost (T1) and bocashi (T2) as organic fertilizers. Design / methodology / approach: Two treatments (organic bocashi and vermicompost fertilizers) and one control (forest soil) were applied to plant cultures. For this, three walls were installed, each with a different substrate and with five individual plants per species. After, an Analysis of Variance was applied for the height and fresh aerial biomass and the means were compared by a Tukey test (p ? 0.05). Also, a Principal Components Analysis was carried out to evaluate the correlation between the nutrient concentration in each substrate and in aerial biomass of the plant species. Results: The basil was functional in the vertical production system, where the highest productivity was obtained using bocashi fertilizer; likewise, chives were fitted for the vertical production system, growing better with vermicompost fertilizer than with the other treatments. Limitations of the study / implications: Oregano was not fitted for the proposed vertical system because its root needs more soil volume, so oregano culture is not recommended for this production model. Findings / conclusions: The organic culture of basil and chives can be fitted to the vertical production system. Results showed that basil had high biomass production using an organic fertilizer rich in nitrogen and calcium (bocashi), while chive had it using a fertilizer rich in phosphorus (vermicompost).Objetivo: Analizar el establecimiento de albahaca morada (Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens L. Benth.), orégano (Origanum vulgare L.) y cebollín (Allium schoenoprasum L.) en un sistema de producción vertical, utilizando lombricomposta (T1) o bocashi (T2) como abonos orgánicos. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se aplicaron dos tratamientos (bocashi y vermicomposta) y un control (suelo forestal) a los cultivos de cada una de las especies. Para esto, se instalaron tres muros verdes (T1, T2 y testigo), cada uno con distinto sustrato y con cinco plantas por especie. Después, se realizó un análisis de varianza con los datos de altura y de biomasa húmeda aérea; las medias se compararon con la prueba de Tukey (p ? 0.05). También, se realizó un análisis de componentes principales para evaluar la correlación entre la concentración de los nutrimentos de cada sustrato y la biomasa aérea de las plantas por especie. Resultados. La albahaca fue funcional en el sistema de producción vertical, obteniendo el mayor rendimiento al aplicar bocashi; de la misma manera, el cebollín se ajustó al sistema de producción vertical, creciendo mejor con lombricomposta que con los otros tratamientos. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El orégano no se adaptó al sistema de producción propuesto debido a que su raíz requiere de un mayor espacio. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Es factible cultivar plantas medicinales y aromáticas en sistemas de producción vertical; usando para la albahaca un abono orgánico con concentraciones altas de nitrógeno y potasio (bocashi), y para el cebollín un abono alto en fósforo (lombricomposta)

Plasticity in oligomerization, operator architecture, and DNA binding in the mode of action of a bacterial B12-based photoreceptor.

Newly discovered bacterial photoreceptors called CarH sense light by using 5′-deoxyadenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl). They repress their own expression and that of genes for carotenoid synthesis by binding in the dark to operator DNA as AdoCbl-bound tetramers, whose light-induced disassembly relieves repression. High-resolution structures of Thermus thermophilus CarHTt have provided snapshots of the dark and light states and have revealed a unique DNA-binding mode whereby only three of four DNA-binding domains contact an operator comprising three tandem direct repeats. To gain further insights into CarH photoreceptors and employing biochemical, spectroscopic, mutational, and computational analyses, here we investigated CarHBm from Bacillus megaterium. We found that apoCarHBm, unlike monomeric apoCarHTt, is an oligomeric molten globule that forms DNA-binding tetramers in the dark only upon AdoCbl binding, which requires a conserved W-X9-EH motif. Light relieved DNA binding by disrupting CarHBm tetramers to dimers, rather than to monomers as with CarHTt. CarHBm operators resembled that of CarHTt, but were larger by one repeat and overlapped with the −35 or −10 promoter elements. This design persisted in a six-repeat, multipartite operator we discovered upstream of a gene encoding an Spx global redox-response regulator whose photoregulated expression links photooxidative and general redox responses in B. megaterium. Interestingly, CarHBm recognized the smaller CarHTt operator, revealing an adaptability possibly related to the linker bridging the DNA- and AdoCbl-binding domains. Our findings highlight a remarkable plasticity in the mode of action of B12-based CarH photoreceptors, important for their biological functions and development as optogenetic tools

UMA. Potrero de mulas. San Sebastián del Oeste, Jalisco

Las Unidades de Manejo para la Conservación de la Vida Silvestre (UMAs). El presente proyecto reside en el apoyo a la UMA “Potrero de Mulas”, ubicada en el municipio San Sebastián del Oeste del Estado de Jalisco. El objetivo principal de la visita realizada consistió en conocer las condiciones actuales en las que se encontraba la UMA, su funcionamiento, cómo se está manteniendo económicamente y cuáles son sus problemáticas. La UMA anteriormente contaba con recursos económicos que el Gobierno Federal les otorgaba como subsidios que se destinaban para el mantenimiento de la UMA así como para el desarrollo de las actividades ecoturísticas; sin embargo, después de unos años, el Gobierno Federal optó por eliminar este tipo de apoyo, por consiguiente, se retiró el apoyo económica hacia las UMAs. En consecuencia, otro de los objetivos del proyecto es que a partir de la visita de campo a la UMA, y conociendo sus problemáticas, sería enfocar el análisis respecto a la viabilidad de volver a solicitar al gobierno el apoyo económico para este tipo de proyectos.ITESO, A.C

Antitumor activity against murine lymphoma L5178Y model of proteins from cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seeds in relation with in vitro antioxidant activity

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recently, proteins and peptides have become an added value to foodstuffs due to new knowledge about its structural analyses as related to antioxidant and anticancer activity. Our goal was to evaluate if protein fractions from cacao seeds show antitumor activity on lymphoma murine L5178Y model. The antioxidant activity of these fractions was also evaluated with the aim of finding a correlation with the antitumor activity.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Differential extraction of proteins from unfermented and semi-fermented-dry cacao seeds was performed and characterized by SDS-PAGE and FPLC size-exclusion chromatography. Antitumor activity was evaluated against murine lymphoma L5178Y in BALB/c mice (6 × 10⁴cells i.p.), with a treatment oral dose of 25 mg/kg/day of each protein fraction, over a period of 15 days. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the ABTS⁺and ORAC-FL assays.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Albumin, globulin and glutelin fractions from both cacao seed type were obtained by differential solubility extraction. Glutelins were the predominant fraction. In the albumin fraction, polypeptides of 42.3 and 8.5 kDa were found in native conditions, presumably in the form of two peptide chains of 21.5 kDa each one. The globulin fraction presented polypeptides of 86 and 57 kDa in unfermented cacao seed that produced the specific-cacao aroma precursors, and after fermentation the polypeptides were of 45 and 39 kDa. The glutelin fraction presented proteins >200 kDa and globulins components <100 KDa in lesser proportion. Regarding the semifermented-dry cacao seed, it was observed that the albumin fraction showed antitumoral activity, since it caused significant decreases (p < 0.05) in the ascetic fluid volume and packed cell volume, inhibiting cell growth in 59.98 ± 13.6% at 60% of the population; while the greatest antioxidant capacity due to free radical scavenging capacity was showed by the albumin and glutelin fraction in both methods assayed.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study is the first report on the biological activity of semifermented-dry cacao protein fractions with their identification, supporting the traditional use of the plant. The albumin fraction showed antitumor and free radical scavenging capacity, however both activities were not correlated. The protein fractions could be considered as source of potential antitumor peptides.</p

Prenatal Hyperandrogenization Induces Metabolic and Endocrine Alterations Which Depend on the Levels of Testosterone Exposure

Prenatal hyperandrogenism is able to induce polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats. The aim of the present study was to establish if the levels of prenatal testosterone may determine the extent of metabolic and endocrine alterations during the adult life. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were prenatally injected with either 2 or 5 mg free testosterone (groups T2 and T5 respectively) from day 16 to day 19 day of gestation. Female offspring from T2 and T5 displayed different phenotype of PCOS during adult life. Offspring from T2 showed hyperandrogenism, ovarian cysts and ovulatory cycles whereas those from T5 displayed hyperandrogenism, ovarian cysts and anovulatory cycles. Both group showed increased circulating glucose levels after the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT; an evaluation of insulin resistance). IPGTT was higher in T5 rats and directly correlated with body weight at prepubertal age. However, the decrease in the body weight at prepubertal age was compensated during adult life. Although both groups showed enhanced ovarian steroidogenesis, it appears that the molecular mechanisms involved were different. The higher dose of testosterone enhanced the expression of both the protein that regulates cholesterol availability (the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)) and the protein expression of the transcriptional factor: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma). Prenatal hyperandrogenization induced an anti-oxidant response that prevented a possible pro-oxidant status. The higher dose of testosterone induced a pro-inflammatory state in ovarian tissue mediated by increased levels of prostaglandin E (PG) and the protein expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2, the limiting enzyme of PGs synthesis). In summary, our data show that the levels of testosterone prenatally injected modulate the uterine environment and that this, in turn, would be responsible for the endocrine and metabolic abnormalities and the phenotype of PCOS during the adult life